Analytical and Empirical Foundations for a Debate upon the VAT Reform in Colombia Authors: Garay Salamanca, Luis, Espitia Zamora, Jorge

“…For the national government, it is easier to charge all the food basket in the general fee of 19%. The valued added tax, as well as the consumption one, are regressive taxes, since they are paid by the final consumers, regardless of their level of income. …”

Bogota’s theaters as type and image of the city in 1970 and 2010 Authors: Camacho-Lotero, Sergio

“…It also analyzes whether or not such cinemas could be considered as types, then it provides us with some reasons as to why public attendance shortened so suddenly, and finally it presents a complete account of the theaters functioning by the 1970s and theiractual condition as well. As a conclusion, it defines the percentage of those cinemas that currently preserve their façade and maintain their exterior appearance, those that have been recycled, their building-use changed, remodeled to reopen theirdoors as projection screens or other cultural purposes, and those that have been sadly demolished.…”

Effects of growing and uncontrolled urbanization in the northern region of Salta and Vaqueros in Argentina Authors: López, Emilce de las Mercedes

“…It concludes that the relation between the increase of nitrate concentration and population growth is due to contamination caused by septic tanks, hence, the implementation of sewer systems and water treatment plants should be considered promptly, as well as a thorough land usage plan to control the growth of urban areas in the regionfocus of this study.…”

Proposal to nominate Chapinero as creative and cultural district in Bogota Authors: Herrera-Medina, Eleonora, Mujica, María, Molina, Luis, Molina, Luis

“…Then, Chapinero’s capacity as creative and cultural district in Bogota is analyzed from the point of view of the activities being held at the locality, as well as the industries established within its boundaries. …”

Imagination and representation: cognitive mapping of Merida Historic Centre by students at Yucatan Autonomous University Authors: Fuentes-Gómez, José

“…The article presents the results of an academic research conducted in Merida, Mexico, in which 130 students attending different schools at Yucatan Autonomous University were asked to do cognitive maps from Merida Historic Centre. Researchers sorted all maps into four different categories and analyzed the marked distinctions towards place perception, the physical/spatial correspondence between maps and reality, the absences and presences of architectural and urban landmarks, the relation between the map and the specific studies in which students are involved in, and the main objects and references included in the maps, as well as their frequency. …”

An Integral Method of Environmental Design for identifying habitability factors. An approach from a socio-environmental baseline Authors: Cortés-Cely, Oscar, Villar-Lozano, Mayerly

“…It explains how MIDA broadens the traditional recognition of the site of study by taking into account social variables and indicators such as population, density and quality of public utilities in the immediate context of the area of analysis, as well as geographical position, environmental factors and basic sanitation at an ecological level. …”

El The Compressed Ground Block or BTC A Construction Alternative for Contemporary Architecture Authors: Angulo Jaramillo, Darío Ernesto, Carreño Charry, Ana

“…The degradation of the planet has led both research and experimentation organizations, as well as private and private companies to propose new and better construction alternatives that minimize the negative environmental impact for fauna, flora and natural resources in general. …”

De From colonial masonry to modern exposed brickwork Bogota’s brick workshops and their influence on urban and architectural development (1810-1920): Los chircales de Bogotá y su... Authors: Molina Prieto, Luis Fernando, Hinojosa, Rita

“…It includes an outlook of the so called Architecture of Transition, identifying styles, architects and construction materials, and it analyzes the quality of the bricks provided by those local clayworkshops during the given period, as well as their production techniques improvement. …”

Urban renewal projects and the social construction of space. Puerto Madero, Buenos Aires (Argentina) Authors: Ramírez-Casas, Jimena

“…Our results stem from application of Lefebvre’s (1974), the conceptual triad of social construction of space to an ethnographic reconstruction of the daily practices and uses of passers-by in the public spaces of Puerto Madero, as well as the recognition of usual spatial imagery and geographic stereotypes, and the analysis of discursive resources displayed by various actors in the configuration of this urban neighborhood.…”

Niveles de procrastinación en jóvenes universitarios a raíz del confinamiento Covid -19 Authors: Murillo Flórez, Manuela Alejandra

Determinación del costo de prestación de los servicios del registro municipal automotor en el Consorcio Tránsito Palmira mediante la metodología de costos basados en actividades AB... Authors: Rodríguez Serna, Anyi Vanessa, Caicedo Velasco, Diana

“…The Palmira transit consortium is a private entity, specialized in the provision of transit and mobility services, corresponding to the registers of motor vehicles, offenders, drivers, including the supply of software, hardware, physical adaptations, furniture and fixtures, as well such as the provision of contact center services associated with such records.…”

Propuesta de Mejora del Sistema de Gestión de Mantenimiento en la Empresa Transportliquidos S.A.S Authors: Pascuales Figueroa, Sasha Marcela, Pedraza Quiroga, Astrid Katherine

Mantenimiento correctivo a banco didáctico de transmisión de potencia mecánica de la Universidad Antonio Nariño sede Cartagena Authors: Reyes Cano, Arnold Enrique

Programa De Atención E Intervención Psicosocial Orientado A La Rehabilitación Psicosocial De La Violencia Intrafamiliar En Cuatro Familias Vinculadas Al Banco De Alimentos Del Muni... Authors: Cardoso Forero, Cristian Camilo

Planeación financiera para una empresa mediana del sector Ferretero de Palmira Authors: Angarita Domínguez, Claudia Ximena

Aplicación de un sistema de costos predeterminados en la elaboración de las prendas Jean y Camisa en el Centro de Formación Providencia Authors: Delgado Estrada, Nataly Lorena

“…The degree work focused on the application of a system of predetermined costs in the production of clothing, specifically in the production of jeans and shirts, at the Providencia Training Center located in Palmira, Valle del Cauca.…”

Proyecto De Inversión Para Importar Vinilos Para Recubrimiento Exterior Automotriz Authors: Muñoz Acosta, Erick Steven

“…In the Colombian market for vehicle customization services, the presence of an oligopoly composed of only two companies has led to higher prices high rates that limit demand for this interesting service; despite the growing demand driven by the global tuning trend and the influence of the use of protective films, amateur consumers are faced with paying excessive prices.…”

Gestión integral del costo en la fabricación de mallas industriales de la empresa Fabrimallas S.A.S del municipio de Palmira. Authors: Ramirez Ramirez, Jazmin, Ortiz Dorado, Eliana Vanessa

Representaciones sociales y prácticas emergentes de los clientes de casinos en Mérida, Yucatán Authors: Echeverría-Echeverría, Rebelín, Carrillo-Trujillo , Carlos, Fuentes-Gómez, José, Castillo-León, Teresita

“…The results split into three sections: 1) Going to the casino, which describes the different conceptions of these establishments, as well as game strategies used by consumers; 2) What others think about my gambling, depicting various comments and opinions of family members and friends about casino customers; and 3) New social practices and behavior, in which both are described, discussed and analyzed in the context of Merida urban dynamics.…”

Arquitectura y fronteras oceánicas. Dos utopías en la costa de Aysén, Patagonia Chilena Authors: Rosseti, Fulvio

“…Two experiences related to the colonization off the coast of Aysen, central region of Patagonia Chilean, shown as a landscape features sublime architectural utopias could catalyze oriented incorporate that geography still uninhabited in the territory and the Chilean imaginary: A fisheries based on the peninsula of San Quintin, Project title Emilio Duhart, and the boat Amereida, School of Architecture UCV. …”